P0022 Code: Camshaft Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 2) – Explained Simply

Seeing a P0022 code pop up on your scanner can be stressful. Your engine might be running rough, stalling at stoplights, or maybe it just feels "sluggish" when you try to accelerate.

First off, don't panic. While P0022 sounds technical ("Camshaft Position A - Timing Over-Retarded"), it basically means your engine's timing on one side (Bank 2) is lagging behind where the computer wants it to be.

Here's the good news: It's often caused by something as simple as dirty oil, not necessarily a blown engine. Let's break down exactly what's happening and how to fix it without wasting money on parts you don't need.

1. What Does P0022 Actually Mean?

Modern engines use Variable Valve Timing (VVT) to change when the valves open and close. Think of it like breathing: your engine needs to breathe differently when idling versus when racing down the highway.

P0022 specifically refers to Bank 2 (the side of the engine that does not contain cylinder #1). The computer (ECM) told the camshaft to advance, but the camshaft didn't move fast enough or stayed "retarded" (lagging).

In simple terms: The engine's timing is out of sync on one side.

2. The Usual Suspects: Why Did This Happen?

Before you go buying expensive sensors, check the basics. Here is what we usually see in the shop:

• Dirty or Low Oil (The #1 Cause): VVT systems run on oil pressure. If your oil is low, sludge-filled, or you haven't changed it in a while, the VVT solenoid can't push the camshaft to the right position. We see this all the time on cars like the Nissan Altima.
• Faulty VVT Solenoid (Oil Control Valve): This little valve directs the oil. The screens on them can get clogged with debris. This is a very common issue on the Toyota Highlander (2010-2016).
• Timing Chain Stretch: On high-mileage cars (like the Ford Edge), the physical chain can stretch over time, throwing the physical timing off. This is the more expensive scenario.

3. How to Diagnose (Don't Guess!)

Professional mechanics don't just swap parts; they test. Here is a logical path you can follow:

1. Check the Oil First: Seriously. Pull the dipstick. Is it low? Is it black and thick? If yes, change the oil and reset the code. That might be all you need.
2. Scan for Live Data: Use a scanner to look at "Live Data." Compare the Desired Camshaft Position vs. Actual Camshaft Position. If they don't match on Bank 2, you have a confirmed issue.
3. The "Swap Test": If you suspect the VVT solenoid is bad, swap it with the one from Bank 1. If the code moves to P0012 (Bank 1), you know the part is bad. If the code stays P0022, the issue is likely internal (chain or phaser).

Stop Guessing. Start Fixing.

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4. Fixes & Real-World Costs

Depending on what you found in the diagnosis step, here is what you're looking at for repairs:

• Oil Change & Filter (~$50 - $100): Always try this first!
• Replace VVT Solenoid (~$150 - $300): Usually an easy DIY job on top of the engine.
• Replace Camshaft Sensor (~$100 - $250): A quick and relatively cheap fix.
• Timing Chain Repair ($1,000+): This is a major repair requiring engine disassembly. Common on engines over 150k miles.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

We know you probably have these questions right now: